Languages of Afghanistan

46 languages of the index are spoken in Afghanistan; 6 have official status (Arabic, Dari, Balochi and Pashto). The country has about 41.5 m inhabitants (2023).

46 languages12 endangered or dormantAsiaISO AF / AFG

Official languages

araArabicAfroasiatic · 315.4 mSafe prsDariIndo-European · 9.6 m1 · National balBalochiIndo-European · 82,767 pusPashtoIndo-European · 50 mSafe uzbUzbekWestern Karluk · 27 mSafe tukTurkmenTurkic · 7 m1 · National

All languages spoken in Afghanistan

Language	ISO	Family	Countries	Speakers	Vitality
araArabicاللُّغَة العَرَبِيّة	`ara`	Afroasiatic	+36	315.4 m	Safe
panPunjabiپنجابی	`pan`	—	+15	125 m	Safe
fasFarsiفارسی	`fas`	Indo-European	+7	70 m	Safe
pusPashtoپښتو ژبه	`pus`	Indo-European	+6	50 m	Safe
azeAzerbaijaniAzərbaycan dili	`aze`	Turkic	+13	35 m	Safe
uzbUzbekOʻzbek tili	`uzb`	Western Karluk		27 m	Safe
pbuNorthern Pashto	`pbu`	Indo-European		20.9 m	4 · Educational
tgkTajikзабони тоҷикӣ	`tgk`	—	+2	14 m	1 · National
pbtSouthern Pashto	`pbt`	Indo-European	+1	10.9 m	1 · National
uigUyghurئۇيغۇر	`uig`	Eastern Karluk	+5	10.4 m	2 · Provincial
prsDariدری‎	`prs`	Indo-European		9.6 m	1 · National
tukTurkmenTürkmen	`tuk`	Turkic	+3	7 m	1 · National
uzsSouthern Uzbekاوزبیک تورکچه	`uzs`	Western Karluk		4.2 m	2 · Provincial
hazHazaragiآزرگی	`haz`	Indo-European		2.2 m	5 · Developing
brhBrahuiبراہوئی‎	`brh`	Dravidian	+1	1.8 m	5 · Developing
kaaKarakalpakQaraqalpaq tili	`kaa`	Turkic	+2	583,410	5 · Developing
balBalochiبلوچی	`bal`	Indo-European		82,767
sghShughnixuɣ̌nůni ziv / хуг̌ну̊ни зив	`sgh`	—		64,800	6a · Vigorous
bhhBukharian	`bhh`	—	+2	60,000	7 · Shifting
jprJudeo-Persian	`jpr`	Indo-European	+4	60,000	7 · Shifting
askAshkun	`ask`	Indo-European		40,000	6a · Vigorous
bshKamkata-viri	`bsh`	Indo-European		24,200	6a · Vigorous
wblWakhiښیکوار زیک	`wbl`	Indo-European	+1	23,681	6a · Vigorous
wbkWaigali	`wbk`	Indo-European		11,500	6a · Vigorous
gwtGawar-Bati	`gwt`	—		9,500	Definitely endangered
prnWasi-wari	`prn`	Indo-European		8,000	6a · Vigorous
mnjMunji	`mnj`	Indo-European		3,770	6a · Vigorous
oruOrmuri	`oru`	—		1,050	6a · Vigorous
trmTregami	`trm`	Indo-European		1,000	6a · Vigorous
iskIshkashimiškošmi zəvůk	`isk`	Indo-European		800	6b · Threatened
prcParachi	`prc`	—		600	7 · Shifting
mhjMoghol	`mhj`	Mongolic		200	9 · Dormant
aveAvestan	`ave`	Indo-European			10 · Extinct
aiqAimaq	`aiq`	Indo-European			6a · Vigorous
sgySanglechisangleči zǝvūk	`sgy`	Indo-European			6a · Vigorous
stsShumashtiݭمݭتی	`sts`	Indo-European			6a · Vigorous
sdgSavi	`sdg`	—			6a · Vigorous
nliNangalami	`nli`	—			7 · Shifting
traTirahi	`tra`	—			8b · Nearly Extinct
xviKamviri	`xvi`	Indo-European			6a · Vigorous
wsvWotapuri-Katarqalai	`wsv`	—			9 · Dormant
bgnWestern Balochi	`bgn`	—			5 · Developing
afgAfghan Sign Language	`afg`	—			5 · Developing
abhTajiki Arabic	`abh`	Afroasiatic			6b · Threatened
jatInku	`jat`	—			9 · Dormant
phvPahlavni	`phv`	Indo-European			9 · Dormant

46 languages · click a column to sort · source: Wikidata