Languages of Turkey

40 languages of the index are spoken in Turkey; 1 has official status (Turkish). The country has about 85.4 m inhabitants (2023).

40 languages10 endangered or dormantAsia, EuropeISO TR / TUR

Official languages

turTurkishTurkic · 88.1 m1 · National

All languages spoken in Turkey

Language	ISO	Family	Countries	Speakers	Vitality
araArabicاللُّغَة العَرَبِيّة	`ara`	Afroasiatic	+36	315.4 m	Safe
turTurkishTürkçe	`tur`	Turkic	+1	88.1 m	1 · National
apcLevantine Arabic	`apc`	Afroasiatic	+3	44 m
azeAzerbaijaniAzərbaycan dili	`aze`	Turkic	+13	35 m	Safe
apcNorth Levantine Arabic	`apc`	Afroasiatic	+1	24.6 m	3 · Wider Communication
kurKurdishZimanê Kurdî	`kur`	Indo-European	+5	21 m	Safe
azbSouth Azerbaijaniتورك ديلی	`azb`	Turkic		14.6 m	3 · Wider Communication
kmrKurmanjiZimanê Kurdî	`kmr`	Indo-European	+3	14.6 m	3 · Wider Communication
kazKazakhқазақ тілі	`kaz`	Turkic	+9	13.2 m	1 · National
uigUyghurئۇيغۇر	`uig`	Eastern Karluk	+5	10.4 m	2 · Provincial
bulBulgarianбългарски език	`bul`	Indo-European	+7	9 m	1 · National
hyeArmenianհայերեն	`hye`	Indo-European	+20	6.7 m	1 · National
katGeorgianქართული ენა	`kat`	Kartvelian	+3	3.7 m	1 · National
bosBosnianbosanski jezik	`bos`	—	+1	3.5 m	1 · National
zzaZazaki	`zza`	Indo-European		1.6 m	Vulnerable
kbdKabardianКъэбэрдей	`kbd`	North Caucasian	+4	1.6 m	5 · Developing
hywWestern Armenianարեւմտահայերէն	`hyw`	Indo-European	+1	1.4 m	5 · Developing
cheChechenНохчийн мотт	`che`	Northeast Caucasian	+2	1.4 m	2 · Provincial
rmtDomari	`rmt`	Indo-European		1.3 m	7 · Shifting
pntPontic Greekποντιακά	`pnt`	Indo-European	+6	778,000	6a · Vigorous
kaaKarakalpakQaraqalpaq tili	`kaa`	Turkic	+2	583,410	5 · Developing
adyAdygheАдыгабзэ	`ady`	North Caucasian	+1	575,900	2 · Provincial
sycSyriacܠܫܢܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ	`syc`	Afroasiatic		575,000	9 · Second language only
crhCrimean TatarQırımtatar tili	`crh`	Turkic	+3	552,740	5 · Developing
bgxBalkan Gagauz Turkish	`bgx`	Turkic		464,000	7 · Shifting
lzzLazლაზური	`lzz`	—		250,000	6b · Threatened
aiiAssyrian Neo-Aramaic	`aii`	Afroasiatic	+3	232,300	6b · Threatened
abkAbkhazАԥсуа бызшәа	`abk`	North Caucasian	+3	190,110	2 · Provincial
stySiberian TatarСебертатарца	`sty`	Turkic		101,000	6a · Vigorous
truTuroyoSurayt	`tru`	Afroasiatic		84,000	6b · Threatened
abqAbazaабаза	`abq`	North Caucasian		37,831	5 · Developing
ruqMegleno-Romanian	`ruq`	Indo-European	+1	5,000	6b · Threatened
cpgCappadocian Greek	`cpg`	Indo-European		2,800	8b · Nearly Extinct
tsmTurkish Sign Language	`tsm`	—		300	6a · Vigorous
ubyUbykh	`uby`	North Caucasian			10 · Extinct
otkOld Turkic	`otk`	Turkic
xsdSidetic	`xsd`	Indo-European
aypNorth Mesopotamian Arabic	`ayp`	Afroasiatic			6a · Vigorous
hrtHértevin	`hrt`	Afroasiatic			8b · Nearly Extinct
kiuNorthern ZazaShar Ma	`kiu`	Indo-European			5 · Developing

40 languages · click a column to sort · source: Wikidata